ladder

英 ['l?d?] 美['l?d?]

America's education system has become less a ladder of opportunity than a structure to transmit inequality from one generation to the next.

So what factors, at the community level, do predict if poor children will move up the economic ladder as adults? What explains, for instance, why the Salt Lake City metro area is one of the 100 largest metropolitan areas most likely to lift the fortunes of the poor and the Atlanta metro area is one of the least likely?Harvard economist Raj Chetty has pointed to economic and racial segregation, community density, the size of a community's middle class, the quality of schools, community religiosity, and family structure, which he calls the single strongest correlate of upward mobility.

It is better to start from the community to help poor children move up the social ladder.

A number of prominent economists have also argued that it's harder for the poor to climb the economic ladder today because the rungs（橫檔） in that ladder have grown farther apart.

A number of prominent economists have also argued that it's harder for the poor to climb the economic ladder today because the rungs (橫檔) in that ladder have grown farther apart.

So what factors, at the community level, do predict if poor children will move up the economic ladder as adults?

The same held true for people who used products that implied they were short on time: In one experiment, for example, customers of the grocery-delivery service Peapod were seen as of higher status than people who shopped at grocery stores that were equall