plum

英 [pl?m] 美[pl?m]

CET6+TEM4低頻詞常用詞匯水果

復(fù)數(shù):?plums;

1. prune <=====> plum (同源詞，Change of pr- to pl- is peculiar to Germanic.)
2. 區(qū)別：plume, plum.

plum 李子，梅子

來(lái)自古英語(yǔ)plume,李子，李子樹，來(lái)自Proto-Germanic*prumon,李子，來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ)prunum, 李子，詞源同prune.字母r,l 音變，比較peregrinate,pilgrim.

plum: plum: [OE] Plum and prune ‘dried plum’ are ultimately the same word. Their common ancestor was Greek proumnon, a word which originated somewhere in Asia Minor. This was later contracted to prounon, and borrowed into Latin as prōnum. Its plural prōna came to be regarded in post-classical times as a singular, and this is where English gets prune from, but prōna was also borrowed into prehistoric Germanic, and many of its descendants here have had their r changed to l (the two are close together phonetically) – hence German pflaume, Swedish plommon, and English plum.
=> prune
plum (n.): Old English plume "plum, plum tree," from an early Germanic borrowing (Middle Dutch prume, Dutch pruim, Old High German pfluma, pfruma, German Pflaume) from Vulgar Latin *pruna, from Latin prunum "plum," from Greek prounon, later form of proumnon, of unknown origin, perhaps from an Asiatic language (Phrygian?). Also see prune (n.). Change of pr- to pl- is peculiar to Germanic. The vowel shortened in early modern English. Meaning "something desirable" is first recorded 1780, probably in reference to the sugar-rich bits of a plum pudding, etc.

2. Italian plum tomatoes have a full flavour, and are best for cooking.: 意大利李形番茄味道很重，最適合烹飪。