mud

• vt. 弄臟；用泥涂
• vi. 鉆入泥中
• n. 泥；誹謗的話；無價值的東西

來自Proto-Germanic*mud,淤泥，泥漿，來自PIE*smeu,meu,濕的，臟的，泥濘的。最終詞源 可能同mucus,muggy.

mud

mud: [14] The Old English word for ‘mud’ was fen, which now survives only in the sense ‘swamp’. It was replaced in the Middle English period by mud, probably a borrowing from Middle Low German mudde. This goes back ultimately to a prehistoric base *meu-, *mu- that has produced a range of words in the Indo- European languages denoting ‘dirt’ or ‘wet’: Greek múdos ‘damp’, for instance, and Polish mu? ‘slime’. Muddle [17] may come from Middle Dutch moddelen ‘make muddy’, a derivative of modde ‘mud’.

mud (n.)

mid-14c., cognate with and probably from Middle Low German mudde, Middle Dutch modde "thick mud," from Proto-Germanic *mud- from PIE *(s)meu-/*mu- [Buck], found in many words denoting "wet" or "dirty" (cognates: Greek mydos "damp, moisture," Old Irish muad "cloud," Polish mu? "slime," Sanskrit mutra- "urine," Avestan muthra- "excrement, filth"); related to German Schmutz "dirt," which also is used for "mud" in roads, etc., to avoid dreck, which originally meant "excrement." Welsh mwd is from English. Replaced native fen.

Meaning "lowest or worst of anything" is from 1580s. As a word for "coffee," it is hobo slang from 1925; as a word for "opium" from 1922. To throw or hurl mud "make disgraceful accusations" is from 1762. To say (one's) name is mud and mean "(one) is discredited" is first recorded 1823, from mud in obsolete sense of "a stupid twaddling fellow" (1708). Mud in your eye as a toast recorded from 1912, American English. Mud puppy "salamander" is from 1889, American English; mud bath is from 1798; mud pie is from 1788.

1. Dogs love splashing in mud and hippos wallow in it.

狗喜歡在泥水洼里撲騰，河馬則喜歡在其中打滾撒歡兒。

來自柯林斯例句

2. I stumbled through mud to a yard strewn with straw.

我跌跌撞撞地趟過泥地來到一個堆滿麥稈的場院。

來自柯林斯例句

3. They spent much of their time knee-deep in mud.

他們在齊膝深的泥地里費了好長時間。

來自柯林斯例句

4. The mud is a feeding ground for large numbers of birds.

大批鳥兒來這塊泥地覓食。

來自柯林斯例句

5. The salt marshes and mud flats attract large numbers of waterfowl.

鹽堿地和泥灘吸引了大量水鳥。

來自柯林斯例句